Enhancing Written Expression
Spelling challenges and a limited vocabulary are common characteristics of learning difficulties related to written expression. In a classroom where students face such challenges, specific strategies need to be implemented to support their development.
In this Blog, are proposed some practices and activities that were specifically designed with the understanding of common challenges associated with learning difficulties in written expression. These challenges often include underdeveloped orthographic memory and lack of grapheme-phoneme correspondence—the ability to connect written letters (graphemes) with their corresponding sounds (phonemes). This connection is crucial for both accurate spelling and reading. In addition, these strategies are aligned with the three stages of written expression: planning, writing, and revision.
Mind Mapping for Structured Writing
The first step in the writing process is planning. A well-structured plan helps students organize their thoughts, develop a logical flow, and refine their writing style. To facilitate this, students could start creating mind maps before writing an essay. The main topic will be placed at the center, with branches extending to subtopics that break down key ideas. Colors and images will also be encouraged to visually represent the tone and structure of their writing.
Building an Orthographic Memory
To improve spelling skills, students can engage in a targeted spelling exercise three to four times a week. They can write dictated passages that contain frequently misspelled words, reinforcing correct spelling through repetition and context. It is recommended that the teacher read the texts aloud, ensuring students associate the correct spelling with its pronunciation.
Visualization for Revision and Improvement
The third stage of the writing process—revision—could be strengthened through a creative activity. Students could be asked to write a description of a landscape, person or specific condition. Afterward, they can swap their descriptions with a classmate, who will then create an illustration based on the written text. The original writer then, can reflect on whether the drawing accurately represents their intended imagery. If not, students are supposed to revise their description to improve clarity and precision.
Karaoke for Phoneme Awareness
To strengthen the connection between sounds and their written forms, students could participate in karaoke sessions featuring well-known songs. This fun and interactive method will help them associate written words with their correct pronunciation, reinforcing phoneme-grapheme correspondence in an engaging way.
By implementing these strategies, students will have the opportunity to enhance their written expression and overcome key challenges associated with learning difficulties. Through structured yet creative methods, progress in writing skills may soon become evident!
